I am in pretty much the same situation as
@Androthelm, not being a Tolkien linguist in any sense of that word, but willing to help.
Of course everything will hang on what believed etymology of "Aaron" that has been the basis.
The word
Calanon would appear to me to contain Quenya
cala, “light”, and
anon, “son” (Tolkien apparently used
Calion/
Kalion for this meaning, but it is nonetheless my best guess at a backtranslation of
Calanon).
'
The first gloss appears to have been fairly consistent throughout many versions of Quenya including in
The Lord of the Rings (Qenya
kala), and the second gloss is known from
Parma Eldalamberon 17, so I believe that it would make a consistent “LotR age” Quenya name for “Son of Light” or “Light-son” or something similar.
At a look,
Parf Edhellen seems reasonably reliable, though I always prefer to cross check these things with other sites such as
Hiswelokë (especially for Sindarin),
Ardalambion (old, but still good), and (in case there's anything grammatical, I need to check)
Parma Tyelpelassiva.
A good thing about Parf Edhellen is that they have good references, so it is a small matter to pick out (in this case)
Parma Eldalamberon 17, Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings and verify the gloss of
anon as “son”. I also very much like that they do allow the user to distinguish between the various versions of Tolkien's languages (for a good introduction to the importance of that see Carl Hostetter's excellent article, “Elvish as She Is Spoke” (which can be found on the ELF website under
articles).
The patronymic in Qenya/Quenya appears to have been the suffix
-ion (i.e. serving the same role as ‘-son’ in English). If
@Calanon's request for “Son of Daniel” is meant as a translation of English “Danielson”, then the suffix would be
-ion preceded by some translation of Daniel depending on what the etymology / meaning of that name is.